OECD (2011). Meeting the challenge of financing water and sanitation : tools and approaches. (OECD studies on water). Paris, France, OECD Publishing. 142 p. : 13 fig., 5 tab.
ISBN : 9789264120525 (PDF) ; 9789264120518 (print)
doi: 10.1787/9789264120525-en
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This report provides an overview of key issues related to financing the water and sanitation sector in both developed and developing countries (part 1), and presents tools and approaches developed by OECD for both policy makers and practitioners (part 2).
Part 1 is organised in three chapters. Chapter 1 identifies the investments required to build, operate and maintain the infrastructure for providing sustainable water and sanitation services. It then examines the health, economic and environmental benefits of water supply and sanitation (WSS).
Chapter 2 assesses the current state of WSS and examines investment needs, identifies the financing sources, and estimates the financing gaps to reach internationally agreed targets.
Chapter 3 examines where the money is going to come from, including from a combination of efficiency gains, adjusted targets and additional financial resources; the “3Ts” – tariffs, taxes and transfers; and repayable financing.
In part 2, chapter 4 begins by introducing the tools developed by OECD to address the key financing issues described in part 1.
Chapters 5 to 10 include brief descriptions of the following tools:
- Strategic Financial Planning for WSS at national or regional level – the FEASIBLE tool
- Financial planning tool for water utilities
- Multi-year investment planning tool for municipalities
- Guidelines for performance-based contracts
- Water Utility Performance Indicators (IBNET)
- Private sector participation in water infrastructure – checklist for public action
Sanitation Updates 
Quantifying the cost of sustainable sanitation services delivery in developing countries , is still not available and main emphsasis has remained on sanitation capital development investment.In most communities especially in urban or rural urban or institutions sustainable functional and safe sanitation services standards continue detoriorating with time from hand over of new facilities to users. In urban centres most public toilets users pay for the services and management of these facilities has failed to provide basic facilities as improving water supply, hand washing stations or repair one which had been provided during construction but brooken down.They find investing the funds collected from users to provide confortable and safe sanitation services expected by users very difficult decision. There is need to train these committees to manage public toilets as a bussiness and handle users as customers and each fulfil their obligations in sanitation services delivery.
Alot of technology advancement has taken place but peoples attitude is slow to adopt these technologies for better human waste management services in communities.
World over there is need to define and document the water and sanitation services supply standards for urban areas and , institutions as barracks settings to remove barrier to hygiene promotion .In most communities the target for water and sanitation services supply sustainable investment is to provide enabling environment for hygiene practices by users to take place to be able to realise health ,economic and social benefits of health communities.